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What are they? |
How are they named? | If we
know the formula | If we know the name
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Examples | Exercises |
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What are they?
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They are compounds formed by hydrogen and a
nonmetal, a
chalcogen (group 16) or halogen (group 17), in which the hydrogen has an
oxidation number +1.
In these compounds hydrogen is written to the left of the
nonmetal.
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How are they named?
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The name is
formed by two words. First word
"hydrogen".
Second word is the root of the
nonmetal
with a suffix "-ide".
Hydrogen
NONMETAL-ide
These compounds are called hydracids
because dissolve in water are acid dissolutions.
It uses the subscript (aq) to indicate an aqueous solution.
In aqueous solution
the
name is formed by two words. First word a prefix "hydro-" connected to the root
of the element with a suffix "-ic".
Second word is the word "acid".
Hydro-NONMETAL-ic
acid
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If we know the formula
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In the formula: Nonmetal is named with the suffix "-ide"
In the formula: In aqueous solution the
name is hydro-NONMETAL-ic
acid
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If we know the name
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In the name: The number of hydrogen
matches up with the oxidation number of nonmetal.
In the name: The number of hydrogen
matches up with the oxidation number of nonmetal.
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Examples
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In this group we include the
HCN.
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Systematic name
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Aqueous solution
name
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| HF |
Hydrogen
fluoride |
HF(aq) |
Hydrofluoric
acid |
| HCl |
Hydrogen
chloride |
HCl(aq) |
Hydrochloric
acid |
| H2S |
Hydrogen
sulfide |
H2S(aq) |
Hydrosulfuric
acid |
| H2Te |
Hydrogen
telluride |
H2Te(aq) |
Hydrotelluric
acid |
| HCN |
Hydrogen
cyanide |
HCN(aq) |
Hydrocyanic
acid |
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Exercises
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In Formulae you have an exercise to write the names of these substances
and to check your results. You also have the answer to the exercise.
In Names you have an exercise to write the formulae for these substances
and to check your results. You have to introduce the formulae without
subscripts, for example for water = H2O. You also have the answer to the
exercise.
   
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